盐城市某纺织企业噪声作业人员健康检查结果

Health examination results of workers exposed noise in a textile enterprise of Yancheng City

目的了解盐城市某纺织企业接触噪声环境作业人员的健康状况,预防职业禁忌证及职业病,为保护劳动者健康提供参考依据。方法收集2016年盐城市某纺织企业623名噪声作业人员的职业健康检查资料,并对体检结果进行分析。结果 623名工人中,男女性别比0.35∶1,平均年龄(42.05±6.68)岁,接触噪声平均工龄为(8.63±5.95)a。体检结果异常491人,异常检出率78.81%;血压异常129人,异常检出率20.71%,与性别、年龄具有统计学意义(χ~2=20.22,χ~2=17.83,P<0.01),男性血压异常率高于女性、年龄越大血压异常率越高,与接触噪声的工龄无关;心电图异常67人,异常检出率10.75%,与年龄、工龄有统计学意义(χ~2=85.614,χ~2=36.208,P<0.01),与性别无关;听力损伤210人,异常检出率为33.71%,与年龄、工龄具有统计学意义(χ~2=35.953,χ~2=86.474,P<0.01),年龄越大、工龄越长听力损伤越严重,与性别无关。结论长期在噪声环境下作业,可引起血压、心电图、听力、血尿常规、血糖血脂、肝肾功能等异常,噪声对人体健康的影响是多方面的,应多措并举,采取防护措施,以减少噪声对人体的危害。

[Objective]To understand health condition of workers exposed noise in a textile enterprise of Yancheng City,prevent occupational contraindications and occupational diseases,and provide references for the protection of health of workers.[Methods]The occupational health examination data of 623 workers exposed noise in a textile enterprise of Yancheng City in2016 were collected and analyzed.[Results] Among 623 workers,the male-to-female ratio was 0.35 ∶ 1,the average age was（42.05±6.68）years old,and the average duration of exposure to noise was（8.63±5.95）years. 491 people had abnormal examination results with the abnormality detection rate of 78.81%. 129 people had abnormal blood pressure with the abnormality detection rate of 20.71%,there were statistically significant differences among different gender,age groups（χ~2=20.22,χ~2=17.83,P〈0.01）,the abnormal rate of blood pressure in males was higher than that in females,and the abnormal rate increased with age,while the abnormal rate was not related to duration of exposure to noise. 67 people had electrocardiogram abnormalities with the abnormality detection rate of 10.75%,there were statistically significant differences among different age,working age groups（χ~2=85.614,χ~2=36.208,P〈0.01）,while the abnormal rate was not related to gender. 210 people had hearing impairment with the abnormality detection rate of 33.71%,there were statistically significant differences among different age,working age groups（χ~2=35.953,χ~2=86.474,P〈0.01）,and the hearing impairment were getting worse with increasing age and working age,while it was not related to gender.[Conclusion]Long-term exposure to noise can cause abnormalities in blood pressure,electrocardiogram,hearing,blood and urine routine tests,blood sugar and blood fat,as well as liver and kidney functions. Noise has various impacts on human health,and it is necessary to take the comprehensive protection measures to reduce noise-induced damages to human body.