社区居民幸福感指数影响因素的路径分析

Path analysis on influencing factors of well-being index among community residents

目的探讨社区居民幸福感指数的影响因素及其相互作用关系。方法采用简单随机抽样方法选取十堰市6个居民委员会/村民委员会1 480名居民,使用幸福感指数量表(Campbell)进行问卷调查,数据分析使用t检验、方差分析、相关分析和路径分析。结果不同年龄、个人月收入、受教育程度、婚姻状况的社区居民幸福感指数不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。路径分析结果表明,兴趣爱好、压力应对方式、未来目标对居民幸福感指数有直接和间接正向效应,路径系数β分别为0.784、0.215、1.168;自评健康状况是中介变量,同时对居民幸福感指数有直接正向效应(β=0.485)。结论人口社会学变量和兴趣爱好、压力应对方式、未来目标和自评健康状况等内部因素可相互作用,共同影响社区居民幸福感指数,对理解和帮助提升社区居民幸福感指数具有借鉴意义。

[Objective]To explore the influencing factors of well-being index among community residents,analyze their interaction.[Methods]By using the Compbell well-being index scale,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 480 residents selected from six residents＇ committees or villagers＇ committees in Shiyan City by simple random sampling method. The t test,variance analysis,correlation analysis and path analysis were employed to analyze the data.[Results]There were statistically significant differences in well-being index among community residents of different age,personal monthly income,education level,and marital status（P〈0.05）.The path analysis revealed that hobbies and interests,coping style and future goals had both direct and indirect positive effects on wellbeing index of residents,and the path coefficient（β） was 0.784,0.215 and 1.168,respectively. Self-rated health status was an intermediary variable,which simultaneously had a direct positive effect on well-being index（β =0.485）.[Conclusion] Sociodemographic variables and internal influencing factors such as hobbies and interests,coping style,future goals and self-rated health status may interact,jointly influence the well-being index among community residents,which have special reference to understand and help to enhance the residents＇ well-being index.