乳酸菌的胁迫应答及其对碳水化合物代谢的影响

Stress Responses and Impact of Carbonhydrate Metabolism in Lactic Acid Bacteria

乳酸菌在生产及发挥益生功能时要受到多种不利环境条件的影响,如通过胃肠道时经历的低pH和胆盐等,在工业生产过程中所经历的环境胁迫(包括低温与高温、营养限制、氧化以及其它因素等)。乳酸菌会通过改变某些蛋白的表达,调整代谢通路,提高能量来适应胁迫。本文综述乳酸菌在酸、热、氧、冷及饥饿等胁迫条件下,参与碳水化合物代谢相关蛋白表达的变化及有关基因的变化,从代谢角度了解乳酸菌在耐受和适应环境胁迫时的机制,分析胁迫应答影响乳酸菌代谢通路改变所带来的应用,为研究乳酸菌胁迫应答机制及其工业化应用提供新思路。

Lactic acid bacteria（LAB） could encountered many harsh evironmental conditions for their production and function as probiotics, such as low pH and bile stress passage through the gastrointestinal tract as well as the evironmental stess inculding low or high tempreture, starvation, oxidiative and others in the industry processes. It likely adapts to stress condition via changes in the expression levels of various stress-response proteins, reroutes the metabolic, shifts towards production of more energy-rich intermediates. This review mainly about changes of proteins and genes involved in carbonhydrate metabolism during acid, heat, oxidative, cold stress and starvation conditions, understanding the mechanisms of LAB from metabolism during tolerence and adapted the evironmental stess, analysing the potential exploitation when metabolic pathways altered in LAB stress-response. It could make new ideas for studing the mechanisms of LAB in stress-response and industrial application.