夸张与意识双重结构

Hyperbole and Double Structure of Consciousness

夸张是为达到特殊效果而有意使用的言过其实的修辞话语。夸张最显著的技巧性特征是"扬虚隐实":对"实"的描述往往由于对"虚"的夸张而被隐藏。"实"和"虚"可以分别被看作对客观事物的真值和估值描述,又由于估值的取值超出了一定的范围形成了字面含义为假的话语。夸张"失真"的说法能够被听话人理解并认同是因为语言是基于心智的,人类的意识活动包括感知觉信息的表达是语言运用的基础,意向性是意识活动的开端和核心内容。这样的修辞语言可以通过"意识双重结构模型理论"及其工作框架得到新的解释。

As a rhetorical device,hyperbole uses exaggerated expressions to achieve special effects. There is a gap between hyperbole and general discourse,and the gap lies in that hyperbole uses the skill of＂concealing the true to raise the virtual＂.The true is the description of the real world and the virtual is the estimation of the reality. The literal expression of hyperbole is often false proposition,but the listener is able to understand and accept it. The reason is that language is based on mental activity,and human＇s consciousness activities including the expression of sense of information are the basis of language use and intentionality is the starting and nuclear point of human consciousness. Hyperbole describes the specific sense of the characteristics of things by means of＂distortion＂of expression,and the purpose is to enhance the speaker＇s attitude and meaning.The nature of things is better reflected by the exaggeration no matter whether it is true or not. The mechanism of such rhetoric expressions could be given a new explanation through the Doublet Structure of Consciousness theory and its working frames.