民众诉求与政府考量:1950年代浙江县乡边界调整

People' Appeals and Government's Response: Administrative Boundary Adjustment of County and Township in Zhejiang Province during 1950s

1950年代初期,新政权在全国范围内对基层行政区进行了重新勘定和调整。在此过程中,基层行政区的边界与传统乡村生产生活的空间边界产生错位,计划经济政策的实施改变了民众的生产生活,使民众产生了边界调整的诉求:恢复自然形成的乡村生产生活空间格局,使统制经济政策下的政区适应村镇市场的供销网络。对县级政权而言,边界调整既会导致区乡干部编制的变动,进而影响到基层政权对辖区的管控力度和治理能力,也会对基层政府的财政收支产生影响;而民众反复吁求"发展生产"与"粮食征购"的国家中心任务,为其边界调整诉求寻找合法性依据,使地方政府不能置若罔闻。从这个意义上,1950年代初期浙江省内的县乡行政区边界调整,是一场民众借助国家意识形态的话语,与地方政府展开的博弈。

In the 1950 s, the new regime of the Communist Party re-demarcated and adjusted the primary administrative region, which has led to the contradiction with the traditional rural production and living space. Moreover, the dirigiste policies also intensifi ed the inconvenience of the people. Both elements gave rise to the need of border adjustment, which aimed at the restoration of the natural spatial pattern of rural area. As for the county-level regime, border adjustment could not only affect the establishment of the village cadres, but also impact the financial revenue and expenditure. Meanwhile, in order to provide legitimacy for their need of border adjustment, the populace repeatedly emphasized 'developing production' and 'food purchasing' as the key task of the state, which made the local governments have to response. In this sense, a game played by the populace and local governments can be observed.