基于WSN的高铁线路防入侵系统研究

Study of high-speed rail line anti-intrusion system based on wireless sensor networks

针对不法分子利用金属设备破坏防护网或刺丝滚笼进入高铁线路实施盗窃或破坏的违法犯罪行为,提出了基于无线传感器网络的高铁线路防入侵系统。该系统结合无线传感器网络低功耗、自组网的技术特点,搭建了高铁线路防入侵系统架构,提出了数据采集节点的设计方案和节点部署方案。其中,数据采集节点集成了被动红外、超声波和磁场传感器,三传感器报警数据以"相与"的形式输出作为系统报警信息;重点研究了中继节点的部署方案,并对方案进行了仿真和实例分析,结果表明当中继节点间距不大于140m时,其数量误差被控制在10%以内。该系统能够有效监控高铁线路的入侵行为,并为行车安全提供保障。

According to the behaviors of illegal action that the people who enter into high-speed rail line by using metallic equipment to damage the protecting mesh or barbed wire cage, the paper puts forward a high-speed rail line anti-intrusion system based on wireless sensor networks. Combined with the technical features of low power and self- organized network of WSN, the paper constructs the system architecture, the design of data acquisition node. And the scheme of nodes placement are proposed as well. Among them, the data acquisition node is integrated with the passive infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor and magnetic field sensor. The system alarm information is derived from three sensors＇ alarm data by ＂and operation＂. The scheme of relaying nodes placement is mainly studied and a simulation case analysis is used whose outcome of node number error is limited to 10% while the distance between relaying nodes is not more than 140 m. The system can be able to effectively monitor the intrusion behavior into high-speed rail line and ensure train operation safety.