磷矿伴生稀土提取研究进展

Research progress in extraction of phosphorite associated rare earths

磷矿中伴生的稀土含量虽少,但它却是一种潜在的稀土资源,对其进行提取研究具有重要意义。介绍了国内外磷矿伴生稀土的概况。综述了磷化工过程提取稀土的方法及研究进展。对未来磷矿伴生稀土提取技术的研究进行了探讨。磷矿主要用于生产磷酸和磷肥,湿法为生产磷酸和磷酸盐的主要方法。根据分解酸的不同,湿法磷酸工艺包括盐酸法、硝酸法和硫酸法。指出:硫酸法是生产磷酸的主要方法,如何提高稀土在磷酸中的富集程度,同时研发高效、经济的萃取剂,将是今后提取稀土的主要研究方向。

It was of great importance to research the recovery of rare earths from phosphorite,even if the content of phospho-rite rare earths was small,which was a kind of potential rare earths resource.The distribution of rare earths in phosphorite in China and abroad was introduced,the methods and the research progress of rare earths recovery in phosphorus chemical in-dustry were summarized,and the trend of extraction technique oftrace rare earths from phosphorite was discussed.Phosphate is mainly used for the production of phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer,wet process is the main method of the produc-tion of phosphoric acid and phosphate.According to the different decompositions of acid, wet process phosphoric acid process includes hydrochloric acid process,nitric acid process,and sulfuric acid process.Sulfuric acid process is the main method to produce phosphoric acid.How to improve the enrichment of rare earth in phosphoric acid and develop efficient and economi-cal extractant will be the main research direction of rare earth.