论侵害采光权民事责任的法律适用

The Law Application of the Civil Liability of Infringing the Lighting Right

我国目前因城市建设发展而导致的侵害采光权案件大量增加。采光权属于相邻关系,也影响着居住者的身心健康。但是我国法律在关于侵害采光权的立法和司法救济上仍然存在诸多不足和空白。因此,我国有必要对侵害采光权的法律救济制度予以完善。在构建侵害采光权的民事责任上,法国的近邻妨害制度、德国的容忍义务理论以及日本的容忍限度理论都可为我国立法所借鉴,我国可在法律中明确规定侵害采光权民事责任的构成要件。在侵害采光权民事责任的法律适用即民事责任的承担方式上,应当明确规定损害赔偿和恢复原状两种方式,并分别对这两种责任承担方式的适用条件予以明确的规定。在损害赔偿的数额计算上,可制定一个公式予以量化计算。在损害赔偿和恢复原状两种方式的适用上,可参考科斯定理进行选择适用。

At present,China's urban construction and development has brought about a large number of cases of infringing the lighting right. As a part of the neighboring right the violation of light may affect the residents' physical and mental health. But due to plenty of deficiencies and gaps it is necessary to improve the systems of China's legislation and the judicial relief on the lighting right infringement,In the establishment of the civil liability of lighting right infringement,we are expected to use for reference the French neighbor prejudice system,the Germany tolerance obligation theory and Japanese tolerance limits theory. We should stipulate the elements resulting in the civil liability of lighting right infringement. As for the law application of the civil liability of lighting right infringement or the way of undertaking the civil liability,the paper specifies two methods of compensation and restitution,and the applicable conditions to bear the civil liabilities. A formula is to be set up to calculate the amount of compensation for damages,and the Coase Theorem should be referred to in the application of the two methods of compensation and restitution.