商业车险定价机制探究

车险一直是我国财险市场重要的组成部分。而车险的重中之重在于其定价机制的确定。2003年我国以"一车一费率"为原则进行车险费率的改革,大力推动费率市场化的进程。2003年改革重点在于将费率交由市场参与者决定,放弃统一厘定的费率模式。这是费率市场化的一场大胆的尝试,为车险市场打开了全新的一面。然而此次改革以2006年保监会收回费率自主化权利告终,不仅仅由于我国费率市场化正处于初级阶段,也正是我国对于费率市场化并没有完全做好准备。2016年,我国再一次实行车险改革,在此次改革中,重点强调了"随人""随车"因素,尽管在2003年的改革中也有提出车险定价要考虑"人"、"车"的影响,但并未对其进行细致的探究。此次改革,我国重点围绕着"人"、"车"开展个性化价格定制渠道,并吸取2003年改革失败的教训,逐步放开费率的管制,尽可能的在实现个性化价格的同时,逐步推进费率市场化的进程。本文对两次改革的前后变化进行了分析,并对费率改革中存在的问题进行了剖析,并提出合理化的建议。

Vehicle insurance has always been an important part of the property insurance market in China. The priority of vehicle insurance is the establishment of its pricing mechanism. Since 2003, China has started the vehicle insurance rate reform under the principle of “one car one rate” , pushing the procedure of rate marketization. The key point of the 2003 reform is to let the market participants to decide the ra te , giving up the model of uniform rate , which has been a bold attempt in rate marketization, opening a brand new door of vehicle insurance market. Nevertheless, this reform came to an end with the autonomous right of rating being withdrawn by the CIRC in 2006, not only because the rate marketization in China is still in its primary stage , but also we haven＇t been prepared for it. In 2016 China initiated another vehicle insurance reform, which put emphasis on the factors of “ person” and “ car” , though the 2003 reform also gave some consideration to these two factors in pricing the vehicle insurance, no careful study has been made yet. This time, with the lesson of 2003 reform, will consider the individualizing pricing with focus on person, and car, trying to push the progress of rate marketization and personalized price. This paper makes an analysis on the changes before and after the two reforms, analyzing the existing problems and proposing some reasonable suggestions.