基于淮河中游鱼类不同等级生境保护目标的生态需水

Definition of environmental flow components based on different fish habitat protection goals in the middle reaches of Huai River

随着社会经济发展,生产生活用水长期挤占生态环境用水,造成河道断流、生境破坏、生态系统恶化等一系列生态环境问题。针对淮河流域目前的水生态环境问题,以淮河中游鱼类为研究对象,通过分析河段天然流量过程,以淮河流域生态恢复为目标,建立鱼类保护目标概念模型,采用IHA及EFC指标体系分析天然流量变化特性,并用HEC-RAS模型基于鱼类生态水力需求确定流量值大小,得出符合天然流量动态变化且满足不同等级生境目标需求的生态需水推荐结果,可为淮河流域水资源优化配置提供依据。

With the development of society and economy,water for production and domestic use has occupied the water for ecoenvironmental use for a long period of time,causing a series of ecological environmental problems,such as river blanking,habitat destruction,and ecosystem deterioration.Aiming at these problems and taking fish in the middle reaches of Huai River as the main object of study,we analyzed the natural river flow process,established a conceptual model for fish protection goals based on the goal of ecological restoration of Huai River,used IHA and EFC index system to analyze the characteristics of natural flow variation,and used HEC-RAS model to determine the quantity of flow based on the eco-hydraulic needs of fish.Thus,we obtained the recommended ecological flow which fits the dynamic changes of natural flow and meets the requirements of different levels of habitat goals.The results can provide a basis for scientific and reasonable use of water resources in Huai River basin.