温热环境因子影响肉鸡采食的调控机制

Research Progress of Regulatory Mechanism of Thermal Environment Factors on Feed Intake in Broilers

采食量是影响肉鸡健康生长的重要因素,摄入的营养物质除一部分用于维持肉鸡基本生命代谢需求外,大部分用于保障肉鸡良好的生长性能。下丘脑作为中枢神经系统调节采食量的重要部位,它可以整合外周环境和各种信号分子,使得机体做出适当的反应,最终调节肉鸡的采食量。温热环境因子是实际生产中影响家禽采食行为和生长性能的重要环境因素,本文就温热环境因子对肉鸡采食行为的影响、下丘脑的摄食信号整合机制以及关键热信号分子的调控机制作一综述,以期为肉鸡温热环境控制提供理论依据。

Feed intake is one of the crucial factors that affect the growth performance of broilers. Generally, a small proportion of the nutrients are used to maintain basic life metabolism, and the most of the nutrients are used to guarantee the better production performance of broilers. Hypothalamus is an important part of the central nervous system, which regulates the feed intake of animals. Hypothalamus can be integrated peripheral environ-ment and all kinds of signals, which makes the body to generate appropriate responses for achieving adapta-tion, and ultimately affects the feed intake of the poultry. Thermal environment factors are critical factors that influence chicken feeding behaviors in the process of production and the growth performance. In this paper, thermal environment factors and their influences on broiler feed intake behavior, hypothalamus integrating feed intake signals and regulation mechanisms, and thermal signal molecules were reviewed to give a theoretical ba-sis for thermal environment control in broiler production.