镰刀菌毒素对断奶仔猪脾脏抗氧化能力和白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6分布和表达的影响

Effects of Fusarium Toxins on Antioxidant Capacity and Distribution and Expression of Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 in Spleen of Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究自然霉变饲粮中镰刀菌毒素对断奶仔猪脾脏抗氧化能力和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)分布和表达的影响。选择35日龄平均体重为(8.45±0.94)kg的健康三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪母猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,镰刀菌毒素组饲喂含镰刀菌毒素[玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)0.90 mg/kg;呕吐毒素(DON)1.43mg/kg,烟曲霉毒素(FUM)5.85 mg/kg]的试验饲粮。预试期7d,正试期35d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,镰刀菌毒素显著降低了断奶仔猪血清和脾脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性(P<0.05),显著升高了丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。2)镰刀菌毒素使断奶仔猪脾脏白髓区明显变小,红髓区扩张且出现近圆形小空洞,动脉周围淋巴鞘中淋巴细胞数量较少。3)镰刀菌毒素导致断奶仔猪脾脏IL-1β和IL-6阳性细胞主要集中于白髓边缘,且靠近血窦的地方阳性点更多。4)与对照组相比,镰刀菌毒素显著升高了断奶仔猪脾脏IL-1β和IL-6mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中镰刀菌毒素显著影响断奶仔猪血清和脾脏抗氧化能力,并通过改变脾脏IL-1β和IL-6的分布和表达,降低脾脏的免疫功能。

The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of Fusarium toxins in naturally contaminated diet on antioxidant capacity and distribution and expression of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in spleen of weaned piglets. Forty healthy female weaned piglets （Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire） aged at 35 days with an average body weight of （8.45±0.94） kg were randomly allocated into 2 groups with 20 piglets per group. Piglets in control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in Fusarium toxins group were fed Fusarium toxins[0.90 mg/kg zearalenone （ZEN）; 1.43 mg/kg deoxynivalenol （DON）; 5.85 mg/kg fumonisin （FUM）] contaminated experimental diet. The experiment lasted for 35 days after 7 days adaptation. The results showed as follows：1） compared with the control group, Fusarium toxins significantly decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） in serum and spleen of weaned piglets （P〈0.05）, whereas significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and spleen （P〈0.05）. 2） Fusarium toxins significantly reduced the white pulp zone in spleen of weaned piglets, enlarged the red pulp zone and appeared round small cavity, while only a few lymphocytes were seen in the peripheral lymphatic sheath. 3） The positive cells of IL-1β and IL-6 in spleen of weaned piglets were mainly distributed in the edge of the white pulp, and concentrated area of positive cells were found near the blood sinus in spleen after exposure to Fusarium toxins. 4） Compared with the control group, Fusarium toxins significantly increased the relative expression of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA in spleen of weaned piglets （P〈0.05）. It is suggested that dietary Fusarium toxins has significant effects on antioxidant capacity in serum and spleen, and decreases the immune function in spleen by changing distribution and expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in spleen of weaned piglets.