船舶夜航光环境评价指标筛选

Screening of light environment evaluation indices for ship night navigation

为了客观、全面地评价船舶夜航光环境质量,保障船舶夜航安全,从分析海上光污染的概念及其来源出发,提出了选取船舶夜航光环境评价指标应遵循"主导性、可操作性及覆盖面广"的原则;在遵循该指标选取原则的基础上,利用光学、色度学及系统工程理论,从驾驶人员视觉绩效、船舶避碰行为、通航光环境条件等3大方面筛选出19个评价指标,建立了海上光环境评价体系,并给出了通航光环境条件中背景光的亮度、背景光的色度、污染光源眩光以及污染光源闪烁度的评价标准,为船舶夜航光环境的测量与评价奠定了基础。

In order to objectively and comprehensively evaluate the light environmental quality of the ship navigation at night and ensure the safety of the ship navigation at night,the concept and source of the light pollution at sea were analyzed,the light environment evaluation indices of the ship navigation at night were proposed,which should follow the principle of'dominance,operability and wide coverage'.On the basis of the principle for selecting indices,the theoretics of optics,chromaticity and system engineering were used,19 evaluation indices were selected from 3 aspects including navigator's visual performance,ship collision avoidance and light environment condition of ship night navigation,and the light environment evaluation system at sea was established;furthermore,the evaluation criteria of the brightness of background light,the chromaticity of background light,the glare of pollution light and the flickering degree of pollution light were given in the navigation light environment condition,which laid foundation for the measurement and evaluation of light environment of ship night navigation.