东西战略格局的演进——关于中国上古历史嬗递的一种蠡测

The Evolution of Strategy Pattern with East and West: A Supposition on Ancient China History

在傅斯年"夷夏东西说"认识的基础上,似可认为东西两大区域之间的对峙冲突与文明融合主导了中国上古史的进程:西部的黄帝部落击败东夷蚩尤集团而成为公认的华夏祖先;此后西部领袖尧、禹与东部的舜之间逐渐形成以联盟为主,斗争为辅的政治关系;而太康失国、少康中兴等事件反映了东西集团对政治主导权的争夺;商、周迭兴则亦表明东西部族对天下的轮流控制;春秋以来,崛起于西部的秦国与东方六国抗衡,以及秦末以楚国旧势力为主力的反秦战争,均可被视作东西对抗的延续。汉晋以降,伴随着北方游牧民族的崛起,其与华夏农耕民族的矛盾冲突,使得上古以来的东西较量逐渐转变为南北冲突,从而改变了中国政治与军事的战略格局。

On the basis of the famous viewpoint “ East Yi West Xia” by Fu Sinian, it seems that the confrontation and the integration of civilizations between the East and the west, the two major regions, had dominated the process of ancient Chinese history. The Huang Di Tribe in West defeated the Chi You Tribe in East and became the Chinese ancestor in history. Since then, the Western leaders Yao and Y u, and the Eastern Leader Shun gradually formed a political relationship, with unity as the main and struggle as the supplement. A series of historical events in the early Xia Dynasty, reflected the struggle between the East and the West for the political dominance. The rise of the two dynasties Shang and Zhou, showed the fact that the East and the West ruled China in turn. From the Spring and Autumn period, the Kingdom Qin in West rose up against other Six Kingdoms in East, and the nobility of Kingdom Chu led the war against Qin Dynasty, they were the continuations of East-West confrontation. From Han and Jin Dynasties, the nomads in the North, gradually conflicted with the farming civilization areas in the South. It changed the strategic pattern of China＇s politics and military affairs from East-West to South and North.