新型城镇化视角下江苏省城镇土地利用效率评价

Evaluation of Urban Land Use Efficiency for Jiangsu Province from View of New Style Urbanization

新型城镇化活动最终要落到土地之上,因此从新型城镇化视角评价城镇土地利用效率,将有利于提高效率、节约资源、促进新型城镇化发展。该文在新型城镇化内涵的基础上,选择相关指标表征城镇土地利用的经济、社会与生态效益,将各效益作为产出要素,居住用地、工业仓储用地、商服用地、公共管理与服务用地、绿地作为投入要素代入DEA模型,评价2014年江苏省13个地级市的城镇土地利用效率与2005-2014年全要素生产率变化。结果表明:城镇土地利用技术有效的城市有南京、常州、苏州等6市,规模有效的是常州、扬州等4市,其中苏南城市大多处在报酬递减阶段。从Malmquist指数看,只有苏南地区的全要素生产率是提高的,苏中与苏北都稍微下降,各单元的综合效率随时间不断提高,而技术水平并没有随时间进步。应通过优化城镇用地结构、注重社会与生态效益以及采用先进生产技术等,提高城镇土地利用效率与全要素生产率,促进新型城镇化目标实现。

Lrbanization confronts with serious land resource shortages in China,and there is a strong need to evaluate Lrban Land Lse Efficiency（ LLLE） from the view of new style urbanization, wThich can not only relieve hungry for land resource and improve efficiency but also promote the realization of new style urbanization. This manuscript applied Data Envelopment Analy^ sis（DEA） model to evaluate LLLE from the view of new style urbanization. Firstly,based on the implication of new style ur-banization, relevant indicators wTere chosen to represent economic,social and ecologicalbenefits of urban land use comprehensive-ly. Sect^ndly,these benefits and corresponding land uses were brought into DEA to get final results. Jiangsu Province was taken as a case study,and results from basic DEA models showed that,for the year 2014, Nanjing, Changzhou, Suzhou, H uaian,Yangzhou and Suqian were technical efficiency, and Changzhou, Yangzhou, Huaian and Suqian were scale- effective, of which most of cities in Sunan region were at the stage of diminishing returns, while others were at stage of increasing returns. Results of Malmquist index showed that only Total Factor Productivity（ TFP） of cities in Sunan was increased,while that in Subei and Suzhong were decreased during 2005 - 2014. Decomposition of TFP revealed that comprehensive efficiency of 13 cities during 2005- 2014 was increased, while their technical levels did not progress over time. It can be concluded that different land uses within urban should be opt imized to weight economic, social and ecological benefits demanded by the new style urbanization, and during this process not only ULUE can be promoted, but also the new style urbanization is promoted.It is also noticed that the key for ULU E improvement is technical progress, therefore innovation and technology import should be encouraged to improve grow th pattern.