中印比较视角下的“失踪女孩”现象:历史、现状和政策

“Missing Girls” Issue in China and India:History,Current Situation and Policies

人口大国中国和印度都面临着较严峻的"失踪女孩"现象的考验。基于对既有文献的整理和在中印两国的实地调查,本文梳理了两国"失踪女孩"现象形成的历史,比较了两国该现象相似又相异的发展模式,整理和评估了两国有关人口治理的措施并分析了背后的原因。基于对两国政策效果的评估和比较,本文认为,对"失踪女孩"现象的治理,特别需要理解当地社会既有的性别规范、制度和逻辑及其变迁,在此基础上采用因地制宜的策略。

Both China and India are facing the severe challenge of 'missing girls' issues.Based on the review of existing literature and field research in both China and India,this article tracks down the history of this issue,and compares the similar but different patterns of its development in both countries.It also sorts out the relevant measures taken by both governments to tackle this issue,evaluates the effects of these measures and analyzes how they work.Based on the comparison of the effects of the measures taken by both governments,this article suggests that in order to govern the 'missing girls' issue,it is necessary to understand the existing gender norms,institutions,logics of respective local society and their transformation,and adopt measures suiting these local conditions.