基于TRIZ理论的平面汇交力系实验台创新设计

A plane concurrent force system experimental table designed with TRIZ theory

针对目前力学系列实验台中尚无对平面汇交力系的受力分析进行原理性示教的现状,利用TRIZ理论进行实验台创新设计。设计中采用TRIZ理论的九屏幕分析方法分析整理了实验台的力的性质、力的分析和力的平衡等主要要素,明确了要素间的联系与矛盾,理清设计思路。利用TRIZ理论的矛盾矩阵、创新发明原理等工具解决了力的施加角度、性质与数量的影响、重力作用过程中对汇交力系的影响、力的合成与分解、平衡与非平衡等技术问题。经过优化设计的实验台能够演示二力杆及二力杆的平衡、平面内任意力在X和Y轴上的投影、平面三力以上汇交的力分解或合成及平面汇交力系平衡条件等,通过实验方法进一步验证平行四边形法则,也填补了力学实验台的空白。

Presently, the forces of a plane concurrent force system can not be analyzed and demonstrated on mechanical experimental tables. In this study, with the nine-screen analysis method of TRIZ theory, the key elements such as the nature, analysis and balance of the forces on the experimental tables were settled. With the contradiction matrix and innovation principle of TRIZ, the influence of force-application angle, nature and magnitude of the forces, the influence of the gravity on the concurrent force system, the synthesis and decomposition of the forces, as well as the issue of the balance and imbalance, were discussed. The new-designed experimental table can be used to demonstrate two-force rod and its balance, the projection of any force in the plane on the X and Y axis, the decomposition or synthesis of more than three forces concurrent on a plane and the balance conditions of the plane concurrent force system. Besides, the parallelogram law can be further verified.