空气放电对尖孢镰刀菌的活力及其超微结构的影响

Effect on Vitality and Ultrastructure of Fusarium oxysporum by Air Discharge

采用空气放电技术对尖孢镰刀菌进行体外抑菌试验。试验结果表明,空气放电对菌丝生长和孢子萌发有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),且抑制效果与处理时间呈正相关;通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,发现空气放电处理后的菌丝体干瘪褶皱且表面粗糙,外层结构不完整;菌丝细胞和孢子细胞形态不规则,细胞壁内陷或者突起,厚薄不均匀,其中孢子细胞内出现大量液泡且液泡体积较大,细胞质失去紧致结构;利用AO/EB荧光染料标记孢子细胞,结果显示空气放电处理显著促进孢子凋亡(P<0.05)。

In this study, air discharge technology was adopted to investigate the effects on the vitality and ultrastructure of Fusarium oxyspomm by bacteriostatic test in vitro. The results showed that air discharge had significant inhibition on mycelial growth and spore germination of F. oxysporum （P〈0.05） and the inhibition ratio was positively correlated with treatment time. Structural damages were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. SEM observation indicated that, after air discharge treatments, the mycelium was dry and wrinkled with rough and incomplete surface. Cells of mycelia and spores were irregular in shape, and cell walls had invagination or protrusions with uneven thickness. In spore cells, a large number of vacuoles with a larger volume appeared and cytoplasm lost compact structure. The results by AO/EB fluorescent dye mark showed that air discharge significantly promoted the spore apoptosis （P〈0.05）.