一种无载的电梯平衡系数检测方法及其实现

Method and Implementation of the Balance Coefficient Detection for Unloaded Elevator

针对现行电梯平衡系数测试方法(电流-载荷曲线法)效率低、成本高和精度差的问题,提出了一种新的平衡系数检测方法,并研制了相应的装置。电梯平衡系数是反映轿厢和对重质量关系的一个比例值,测出轿厢及对重质量即可得出电梯平衡系数。根据电梯平衡系数定义开发的检测装置,在夹持住轿厢(对重)上方一端钢丝绳组后,利用伺服电机驱动T型丝杆将钢丝绳组张力转移到力传感器上,因钢丝绳张力等于其悬挂重物质量,读取力传感器值即可得出轿厢的(对重)质量。该装置在试验室、现场作了大量测试。试验结果表明:钢丝绳组所悬挂重物质量测量误差在0.005以内。该装置适用于钢丝绳牵引且无补偿绳的曳引式电梯,可测量的梯型占曳引式电梯90%以上。现行电梯检测过程中,超载开关验证也需搬运砝码,故计划改进检测装置,使其既可测出电梯平衡系数的值,又能验证电梯超载开关的有效性。

In view of the disadvantages of current testing method （ current - load curve method） of elevator balance coefficient, such as low efficiency, high cost and poor precision, a new testing method of elevator balance coefficient has been put forward and the corresponding device has been developed. The elevator balance coefficient is a proportional value that reflects the mass relationship between the car and the counterweight; by measuring mass of car and counterweight, the elevator balance coefficient can be obtained. The new testing device is developed according to the definition of elevator balance coefficient. After fixing clamps on a group of wire ropes ’ above the car or counterweight, the servo motors drive T screw to transfer the wire ropes5 tension to force sensors. Because the wire rope tension is equal to the mass of hanging heavy objects, the value of sensors measured can conclude the mass of car and weight. A large number of tests have been done in lab and field, the test results show that the measurement error for mass of the hanging heavy objects is within 0. 005. The device is suitable for the wire rope traction elevator without compensation rope,and the measurable elevator types occupy more than 90 percent of the traction elevators. Currently, the process of verification for the overload switch also needs weights, so the device will be modified. The improved device can not only test the balance coefficient, but also can verify the validity of the overload switches of elevator.