糖尿病患者外踝骨折两种内固定方法对比研究

Research on Comparison of Two Internal Fixation Methods of Lateral Malleolus Fractures of Diabetes Patients

目的糖尿病患者外踝骨折两种内固定方法对比研究。方法方便选取该院2012年9月—2015年9月收治的126例糖尿病外踝骨折患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为实验组(A组)与对照组(B组)各63例,A组及B组患者均采用外侧切口,对照组患者钢板常规放置外踝外侧,实验组患者钢板放置外踝后侧,对比两组患者早期功能锻炼时间、骨折愈合情况、踝关节恢复情况以及并发症发生情况。结果 A组早期功能锻炼时间为(3.54±0.35)周,B组为(6.17±1.43)周,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.107,P=0.009<0.05);A组骨折愈合时间及踝关节功能恢复评分(3个月)分别为(12.51±3.36)周、(89.73±2.35)分,B组分别为(13.18±2.94)周、(87.96±3.76)分,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.028、1.643,P=0.149、0.096)。A组骨折术后并发症发生率为4.76%(3/63),B组为23.81%(15/63),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.332,P=0.002<0.05)。结论采用外踝后侧钢板固定治疗糖尿病患者外踝骨折,固定效果显著,能使患者尽早恢复功能锻炼,减少术后并发症,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To research the two internal fixation methods of lateral malleolus fractures of diabetes patients.Methods 126 cases of diabetes patients with lateral malleolus fractures from September 2012 to September 2015 were convenient selected and randomly divided into two groups with 63 cases in each, the group A and group B adopted the lateral incision and the control group placed the plate in the lateral side of lateral malleolus and the experimental group placed the plate in the posterior side of lateral malleolus, and the early function exercise time, fracture healing situation, ankle joint recovery situation and occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The early function exercise time in the group A and in the group B was respectively(3.54±0.35)weeks,(6.17±1.43)weeks,and differences between the two groups were statistically signifcant(t=5.107,P=0.009<0.05),and the fracture healing time and ankle joint function recovery score(3 months) in the group A and in the group B were respectively(12.51±3.36)weeks,(89.73±2.35)points and(13.18±2.94)weeks,(87.96±3.76)points, and the differences were not obvious,(t=1.028, 1.643, P=0.149, 0.096), and the incidence rate of complications after the fracture surgery in the group A and in the group B was respectively 4.76%(3/63)and23.81%(15/63), and the differences were obvious(χ~2=9.332,P=0.002<0.05). Conclusion The fixation effect of plate fixation in posterior side of lateral malleolus of diabetes patients is obvious, which can make the patients recover as soon as possible and reduce the postoperative complications, and it is worth clinical promotion and application.