当代问句逻辑研究的三种进路及其动态转向

On Three Approaches to Interrogative Logic and Its Dynamic Turn

问句逻辑是新近发展起来的逻辑学分支学科。问句逻辑研究经历了从静态分析到动态分析的转变,主要存在三种不同的研究进路:还原论进路、语义学进路和语用学进路。还原论进路试图将问句归约为陈述句,恪守真值条件语义学;语义学进路则把"问题"视为独立的语义范畴,用"答案条件"替代真值条件;语用学进路将问答视为一种会话行为,将问句转换为祈使句,对之作信息博弈论分析。三种进路视角不同,各有偏颇,三者相比而言,语用学进路更为贴近实际,特别是从信息博弈论的角度来研究动态问句逻辑具有良好的发展潜力和应用前景。

Inte from static analysis rrogative logic is a newly developed branch of logic that its research experienced a change to dynamic analysis, there are three different approaches： reductionism approach, semantic approach and pragmatic approach. Reductionism approach tried to reduce interrogative sentences to declara- tive sentences, with truth conditional semantics. Semantics approach argued that question is an independent semantic category, instead of truth conditions by the answer conditions. Pragmatic approach insisted that to ex- press an interrogative sentence is a conversational behavior, translating interrogative sentences into imperative sentence, to make information game theory analysis. These approaches based on different perspectives. Comparatively speaking, pragmatic approach is more close to the actual, especially from game theory and information theory point of view to study dynamic interrogative logic with good development potential and application prospect.