灌溉定额与灌溉水矿化度对春玉米生长影响研究

A study on effect of irrigation norm and water salinity on spring maize growth

在甘肃省石羊河流域开展春玉米咸水灌溉田间试验,研究了灌溉定额和灌溉水矿化度对春玉米生长的影响。研究结果表明相同灌溉水矿化度不同灌溉定额下,株高随着灌溉定额的减少而降低;相同灌溉定额不同灌溉水矿化度处理下,春玉米株高具有较大的差异;春玉米叶面积指数具有与株高类似的变化规律,重度缺水灌溉处理下,生育末期淡水灌溉处理的叶面积指数分别比3 g/L水处理、6 g/L水处理高出8%、20%。春玉米根长密度随着灌溉水矿化度的增大而减小,随着灌溉定额的减少而增大。随着灌溉定额的减少和灌溉水矿化度的增加,春玉米的产量逐渐降低。水盐联合胁迫作用下,3 g/L的轻度缺水灌溉处理、6 g/L的轻度缺水灌溉处理、3 g/L的重度缺水灌溉处理和6 g/L的重度缺水灌溉处理分别比淡水充分灌溉处理减产了29.8%、34.8%、37.9%和46.2%。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of irrigation norm and water salinity on spring maize growth under saline water irrigation in Shiyang River basin in Gansu Province. The research results show that the plant height gradually decreases with irrigation norm decreasing under the same irrigation water salinity but different irrigation norm. The plant height had remarkably different quantities under the same irrigation norm but different irrigation water salinity. The leaf area index of the maize also show changes similar to that observed for the plant height. The leaf area index of the fresh irri- gation treatment respectively increased by 8% and 20% compared with 3 g/L and 6 g/L salinity levels in the late growing period under severe deficit irrigation treatment. The spring maize root length density gradually decreased with irrigation water salinity increased. With the decrease of irrigation norm, the spring maize root length density increased. The spring maize yield gradually decreased with irrigation norm decreasing and irrigation water salinity increasing. The 3 g/L deficit irrigation treatment, the 6 g/L deficit irrigation treatment, the 3 g/L severe deficit irrigation treatment and the 6 g/L severe deficit irri- gation treatment respectively decreased by 29.8% ,34.8% ,37.9% and 46.2% compared with the fresh sufficient irrigation treatment under water-salt stress.