跨越历史的生命之舍——自梳女居所“冰玉堂”作为生命空间的人类学研究

Life Place across History:An Anthropological Study of the Celibate Women's Dwelling Bingyutangas a Life Space

通过对冰玉堂历史和功能变化的描述与分析,我们可以发现,冰玉堂筹建、使用和重修的历史过程,也是自梳女寻求群体内部认同和社区认同的历史,展现出自梳女与地方社会的紧密连接。冰玉堂不仅是自梳女的居所和养老之所,也是自梳女灵魂的归宿,承载和融汇了自梳女的美德和历史,成为后人追忆她们不朽精神的生命空间。然而,随着自梳女生命走向终结以及后期的商业开发,冰玉堂渐渐褪去作为自梳女生命空间的意义,转化成当地政府和旅游公司主控的商业空间。

In the past,it was not accepted that the celibate women died at home,so they built Bingyutang(Ice&Jade Hall)as their residence of rest home,and they worshiped the memorial tablet inside this architecture.As their relatives accepted them to live at home later on,the function of Bingyutangevolved to be their meeting spot.A decade ago,inspired by the tourism development,the local government turned Bingyutanginto a scenic spot and folk museum.The history of Bingyutangreflects the pursuit of self-identity and community-identity of the celibate women.It shows the strong interaction between celibate women and local community.This architecture internalizes the virtues and history of the celibate women.It serves as the nursing home of celibate women,who pass their old age there on one hand,and on the other hand,it is the fate of celibate womens soul and becomes the life space for the future generation to recall their immortal spirit.