变应性鼻炎患者用药行为分析

Drug-taking behavioral analysis in patients with allergic rhinitis

目的:分析变应性鼻炎患者的用药行为,探讨症状严重程度与用药行为之间的关系。方法:66例变应性鼻炎患者填写日症状评分量表及日用药评分量表5次及5次以上,共1 621组数据,使用"四分法"的日症状评分量表对喷嚏、流涕、鼻痒和鼻塞、眼痒/异物感/眼红、流泪症状进行评分,使用"三步法"的日用药评分量表对服用口服和(或)局部抗组胺药、鼻用糖皮质激素、口服糖皮质激素、β2受体激动剂、吸入糖皮质激素情况进行计分。结果:1 621组数据中,发生率最高的症状是喷嚏(50.77%);中-重度症状发生率最高的是流涕(10.06%);用药行为共827次,用药率为51.02%;使用率最高的药物为抗组胺药(73.64%),其次为鼻用糖皮质激素(49.33%);症状总评分与用药率、鼻用糖皮质激素使用比例无明显正比关系;连续用药2周组与小于2周组比较,症状总评分低,差异有统计学意义。结论:变应性鼻炎患者用药次数及连续性差异较大,需要进行患者教育。

Objective：To analyze the drug-taking behavior of patients with allergic rhinitis, and the relation- ship with the severity of the symptoms. Method： A total of 1 621 sets of data in 66 patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled in this study, who filled out the daily symptom score scale and daily medication score scale for 5 days or more. The symptoms include sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal itching, nasal congestion, eye itching/foreign body sensation/ red eyes and watery eyes were scored. The medications include antihistamines, nasal glucocortieoid, o- ral glucocorticoid, 132 receptor agonists and inhaled glucocorticoid were scored. Result： In the 1 621 sets of data, the highest incidence of symptoms was sneezing, 50.77 %; the highest incidence of moderate to severe symptoms was rhinorrhea, 10.06 %. The drug-taking behavior was 827 times, and the drug-taking rate was 51.02%. Anti histamines had the highest use ratio, 73.64 %, followed by nasal glueocorticoid, 49.33 %. There was no direct re lationship between the total symptom score and the drug-taking rate, nasal glucocorticoid use ratio. Compared with the group of continuous drug-taking less than 2 weeks, the total symptom score of the group of continuous drug taking more than 2 weeks was significant low. Conclusion：The number and continuity of the drug taking in patients with allergic rhinitis vary greatly. Patient education is needed.