重庆市某区警务人员焦虑和抑郁现状及危险因素分析

Analysis on status of anxiety and depression and their risk factors among police officers in a community of Chongqing

目的了解警务人员焦虑及抑郁现状并探讨其影响因素,为合理安排心理体检及相关心理咨询提供依据。方法采用方便抽样方法抽取2015年重庆市某区517名警务人员,使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行问卷调查。结果警务人员焦虑阳性检出率为12.96%,抑郁阳性检出率为62.09%,焦虑和抑郁同时存在的检出率为11.61%。多因素Logistic分析显示:工作年限(6~10年组:OR=2.508;>10年组:OR=1.435)、警种(交巡警:OR=1.305;治安警察:OR=1.239)、文化程度(大专组:OR=1.366)是警务人员产生焦虑的独立危险因素;性别(女性组:OR=1.511)、文化程度(本科及以上组:OR=2.287)、工作年限(6~10年组:OR=1.556;>10年组:OR=1.235)、警种(机关警察:OR=1.591;交巡警:OR=1.808;刑警:OR=2.031;派出所警察:OR=2.333)是警务人员产生抑郁的独立危险因素。结论警务人员的焦虑和抑郁情绪不容忽视,应定期对其进行心理评估(心理体检)。

Objective To understand the situation of anxiety and depression and their influence factors among police officers, and provide evidence for reasonable psychological examination and related psychological consultation. Methods A total of 517 police officers were collected by convenient sampling method and investigated with self-evaluation of anxiety scale （SAS） and self-evaluation of depression self rating scale （SDS） questionnaire. Results The positive rate of anxiety in police officers was 12. 96% , the positive rate of depression was 62. 09% , and the detection rate of anxiety and depression was 11.61%. The multi-variable logistic regression model showed that years of working experience （6 - 10 years： OR = 2. 508 ; 〉 10 years ： OR = 1. 435 ）, police classification （ patrol police ： OR = 1. 305 ; security police ： OR = 1. 239 ） and education level （ specialist： OR = 1. 366） were independent risk factors for police officers＇ anxiety. And gender （ female group ： OR = 1.511 ）, education level （ undergraduate and above ： OR = 2.281 ） , years of working experience （ 6 - 10 years： OR = 1. 556; 〉 10 years： OR = 1. 235）, police classification （organ police： OR = 1. 591 ; patrol police： OR = 1. 808; criminal police： OR = 2. 031; the police station police： OR = 2. 333） were independent risk factors for police officers＇ depression. Conclusion The anxiety and depression of police officers could not be ignored and should be evaluated regularly （psychological examination）.