巯嘌呤的药物基因组学研究进展

Research advances in pharmacogenomics of mercaptopurine

巯嘌呤是常用的化疗和免疫抑制药物,在急性淋巴细胞白血病以及炎症性肠病等疾病的治疗中发挥重要作用,其副作用尤其是骨髓抑制可能导致治疗的中断或感染等并发症,严重者甚至威胁生命。但巯嘌呤的副作用具有明显的人种差异和个体差异,个体的遗传多样性在其中起着重要作用。近年来药物基因组学的研究进展已经逐渐揭示了导致这种差异的遗传学本质。该文主要就巯嘌呤相关的药物基因组学、个体化应用等方面的研究作一综述。

Mercaptopurine is a common chemotherapeutic drug and immunosuppressive agent and plays an important role in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and inflammatory bowel disease. It may cause severe adverse effects such as myelosuppression, which may result in the interruption of treatment or complications including infection or even threaten patients＇ lives. However, the adverse effects of mercaptopurine show significant racial and individual differences, which reveal the important role of genetic diversity. Recent research advances in pharmacogenomics have gradually revealed the genetic nature of such differences. This article reviews the recent research advances in the pharmacogenomics and individualized application of mercaptopurine.