肉羊常用农作物秸秆类粗饲料营养价值及瘤胃降解特性

Nutritional Value and Ruminal Degradability Characteristics of Common Crop Straws for Sheep

试验旨在研究粮食类农作物秸秆和藤蔓类农作物秸秆的营养成分及瘤胃降解特性。选用3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的杜×寒杂交F1阉割肉羊,采用尼龙袋法测定6种秸秆(玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆、水稻秸秆、花生秧、豆角菀和红薯菀)的粗蛋白(CP)、干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解参数,并对其常规养分及能量价值进行分析。结果表明:红薯菀和豆角菀中CP含量显著高于其他农作物秸秆(P<0.05);花生秧的各能量价值显著高于其他农作物秸秆(P<0.05);豆角菀和花生秧的CP瘤胃有效降解率显著高于其他秸秆(P<0.05);藤蔓类秸秆DM、ADF和NDF瘤胃有效降解率显著高于粮食类秸秆(P<0.05)。由此可见,不同的农作物秸秆的营养成分、能量价值和瘤胃降解特性不同。花生秧和红薯菀CP含量、饲料能量价值和各养分瘤胃降解率较高,是优良的粗饲料来源。综合比较,藤蔓类秸秆比粮食类秸秆更适合做肉羊的粗饲料来源。

This experiment was conducted to study the nutritional value and ruminal degradability of the grain crop strawand the vine crop straw. Three Dorper x thin-tailed Han crossbred mutton sheep fitted with permanent ruminal cannulaswere selected, and Nylon-bag technique was used to evaluate the ruminal degradability characteristics of dry matter （DM）,crude protein （CP）, neutral detergent fiber （NDF） and acid detergent fiber （ADF）, conventional nutrition and energy valuewere analyzed. The results showed as follows, the CP contents in sweet potato vine and bean vine were significantlyhigher than that in other crop straws（P〈0.05）; The energy value of peanut vine was significantly higher than other cropstraw（P〈0.05）; The CP effective degradability of bean vine and peanut vine was significantly higher than that in other cropstraws （P〈0.05）; The DM, ADF and NDF effective degradability of the vine crop straw was significantly higher than that inthe grain crop straw （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the nutrition content, energy value and ruminal degradability characteristicsof different crop straws are different. With the higher CP content, energy value, effective degradability of nutrition, andmoderate ADF and NDF content, peanut vine and sweet potato vine are good sources of roughage. In general, the vine cropstraws are more suitable than the grain crop straws for source of roughage in sheep.