固态燃料熔盐堆自适应功率控制器设计及分析

Design and analysis of adaptive power control system for solid fuel molten salt reactor

钍基熔盐堆核能系统(Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor,TMSR)是中国科学院首批启动实施的战略性先导科技专项,旨在研发第四代反应堆核能系统。固态燃料钍基熔盐实验堆(The Solid Fuel Thorium-based Molten Salt Experimental Reactor,TMSR-SF1)是一个10 MW热功率的氟盐冷却球床堆,目前已经完成方案设计和初步工程设计。功率控制系统是反应堆一个关键控制系统,实现反应堆正常启动、功率运行和正常停堆功能,对保证反应堆安全和稳定运行起着极其重要的作用。根据TMSR-SF1运行控制要求,结合自适应控制理论,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论设计了一种TMSR-SF1模型参考自适应功率控制器。基于TMSR仿真平台,使用MATLAB/Simulink建立了自适应功率控制系统模型,并开展了控制器特性分析。结果表明,自适应功率控制器具备良好的负荷跟随能力,抗干扰能力强、稳定性好、可靠性高,能够满足TMSR-SF1功率控制的要求,确保堆芯的输出功率与功率设定值相匹配。

Background： Thorium-based molten salt reactor（TMSR） nuclear energy system is one of the first batch strategic pilot science and technology projects launched by Chinese Academy of Sciences. It aims to develop nuclear energy system of the fourth-generation reactor. The solid fuel thorium-based molten salt experimental reactor（TMSR-SF1） with thermal power of 10 MW is a fluoride-salt-cooling pebble bed reactor, has its preliminary project and engineering design completed. Reactor power control system is a key part of nuclear reactor, which can realize the normal start-up, power operation and normal shutdown of the reactor, and thus plays an extremely important role in ensuring the safety and stable operation of the reactor. Purpose： This study aims to design a self-adaptive power control system for TMSR-SF1. Methods： Firstly, the adaptive law of adaptive controller is designed based on Lyapunov stability theory. And then, the adaptive model is established in Simulink and numerical research is carried out on the TMSR simulation platform. Finally, the characteristics of the controller are analyzed based on the numerical results. Results： The numerical results show that the adaptive parameter γ is very important to adaptive law, and control system could achieve better tracking performance only when γ is appropriate. When there is unmeasurable disturbances, control system can quickly absorb them and keep working in better condition. Conclusion： The model reference adaptive power controller is stable and reliable, and has strong anti-interference ability, which can satisfy the control requirements of TMSR-SF1＇s core power following load.