基于BIM的应急管理研究综述

Overview of BIM-based Emergency Management

建筑物的应急管理缺乏一套能够贯穿设计、施工以及后期管控等一系列动态变化的信息模型,BIM技术提供全寿命周期的数据共享,集成三维建筑模型、云技术、冲突碰撞、安全疏散模拟等能很好解决这个问题。但目前将BIM运用在应急管理方面的研究还很少,尚未形成体系。对当前国内外BIM应急管理的研究和应用进行综述,从空间定位、火灾及安全疏散、基于BIM的应急管理系统等3个方面介绍其所涉及的关键技术,为推动BIM在应急管理中更深入、广泛的应用提供重要参考价值。

Current emergency management lacks a consistent information model that links a series of dy-namic changes generated from project design, construction and post-construction controls. Building Infor-mation Modeling （BIM） technology is able to solve this issue as it provides whole life-cycle data sharing, integrated three-dimensional （3D） models, cloud technology, clash detection and evacuation simulation. In view of present few studies having applied BIM to emergency management, this paper reviews domestic and international BIM-based emergency management researches and its applications. It introduces the key technologies focused on spatial location, fire and safety evacuation, and BIM-based emergency manage-ment system, aiming to provide important references for promoting the implementation of BIM in emergen-cy management.