西北地区全新世环境考古研究综述

The Research Overview of Holocene Environmental Archaeology in Northwest China

从湖泊、冰川、泥炭、黄土古土壤、历史文献等记录的角度出发,客观梳理学者对西北地区全新世气候和自然环境的研究,介绍孢粉分析、磁化率、RS、GIS等技术在以上记录中的运用;阐述相关学者对气候环境和人地关系演变,以及环境和农业问题的讨论,最终得出应利用相关技术充分提取古气候环境原始信息,重视各个时间段气候环境对考古学文化兴衰的影响,各区域气候环境对考古学文化多样性的影响,以及辩证看待气候环境和人类活动的关系,这对中国西北地区全新世的环境考古有着重要影响。

The Holocene Environmental Archaeology in Northwest China has been the highlight point for scholars of environmental archaeology for a long time. Starting from the historical literature records of lakes, glaciers, peat, lo-ess, this paper objectively teases out the viewpoints of scholars about the Holocene climate and environment, and we refer some good methods into the records, such as pollen analysis, magnetic susceptibility,RS,GIS and so on. To explain the question of climate, environment and the development of man - land relationship as well as environ-ment and agriculture, this paper finally comes to a conclusion that scholars should use relevant technology to fully extract the original information. Scholars should pay attention to the influence of climate on the development and di-versity of archaeological culture all the time, and they should dialectically treat the relationship between climate and human activities.