论非物质文化遗产保护工作的规范化与标准体系的建立

Standardization in the Field of Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage and Establishment of a Series of Regulations

非物质文化遗产保护标准体系的建立是出于保护工作规范化的需求。引入标准的目的在于完善制度,协调相关部门之间的关系,平衡参与其中的各方利益,促进非遗项目的可持续发展,而非为了限制作为传承主体的地方社区与传承者个人的创新自由。该标准体系的内容应包括非物质文化遗产保护操作标准、项目分类标准和项目标准三大部分。其建立过程,应充分体现民主协商的精神,在各级政府、学者、传承主体和其他利益方之间展开充分沟通的基础之上形成。德国哲学家哈贝马斯倡导的交往理性与商谈理论可为此提供理论指导。

The Standardization in the field of safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage(ICH)through establishing of a series of regulations is based on the demand of current safeguarding practices.It aims at improving and harmonizing the coordination and communication between different parties involved,and thus promote a better system for safeguarding ICH,without discouraging the creativity of inheritors.The regulations should include three levels:1)regulations on government work in the field of safeguarding ICH,2)classified regulations on safeguarding varied category of ICH,3)specific regulations on safeguarding certain ICH items.These regulations should be developed by way of communication between government,scholars,representatives of ICH items,and other parties involved on a level of sufficient dialog with mutual respect and understanding.The theory of communicative rationality proposed by the German philospher Jürgen Habermas could serve as theoretical framework for such consultations.