抽动障碍患儿注意力影响因素分析

Analysis of Attention Related Factors in Children With Tic Disorder

目的探讨抽动障碍患儿的注意力特征及其影响因素。方法对31例抽动障碍患儿与32例正常儿童进行IVA-CPT、儿童依恋量表、父母教养方式评估,比较两组儿童注意力的差异,分析亲子依恋关系和父母教养方式对注意力的影响。结果抽动障碍组儿童的控制力商数、注意力商数、听觉/视觉谨慎商数、听觉毅力商数、视觉一致性商数、听觉/视觉警醒商数、视觉注意力商数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。抽动障碍儿童的听觉一致性、视觉谨慎商数、听觉注意力商数与母亲依赖度呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),综合控制力商数、视觉毅力商数与父亲亲近度呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);听觉毅力商数与父亲惩罚严厉呈正相关(P<0.05);听觉警醒商数与母亲情感温暖呈正相关(P<0.05)。控制力商数受父亲亲近度的影响,其对方差的解释度为14.6%,而注意力商数不受任何因子的影响。结论抽动障碍患儿的注意力受到损害,且低父亲亲近感患儿呈现高控制能力发展,注意力发展不受亲子依恋及养育方式的影响。

Objective To investigate the attentional characteristics and influencing factors in children with tic disorder. Methods 31 children with tic disorder and 32 normal children were assessed with IVA-CPT, child attachment scale and parental rearing pattern. The differences in attention between the two groups were compared, influence of parent-child attachment and parentalrearing style on attention was analyzed. Results FRCQ , PRA, PRV, STMA, CONV, VIA, VIV, FOCV in TD were lower than that in control group（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. There was positive correlation between CONA, PRV, FOCA and mother dependence（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）, and negative correlation between FRCQ, STMV and father closenes（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）; there was positive correlation between STMA and father severely punishment （P 〈 0.05）; there was positive correlation between VIA and mother emotional warmth （P 〈 0.05）. Father closenes affected on FRCQ （14.6%）, there were no effect on FAQ. Conclusion There is attention deficit in children with tic disorder, and children with low paternal intimacy have development of high control ability, the development of attention is not influenced by parental attachment or parenting styles.