我国第三人撤销之诉的实践反思与制度完善——以“诉讼参加”理论为切入点

The Reflection on Practice and Improvement of System about the Outside Third Person Cancellation of the Lawsuit From the Point of Participating in Litigation Theory

2012年民事诉讼法修正案增设的第三人撤销之诉制度,并没有完成立法赋予的重要使命。从司法实践现状来看,该制度所遭遇的困境主要在于法院对该制度适用的排斥、对适格第三人界定的混乱,以及与其他第三人制度适用上的混淆。要摆脱这一困境,除了切实重视该种诉讼形式在减少恶意和虚假诉讼以及保护第三人合法权益中的重要作用,以及准确界定可提起该诉的适格主体之外,以诉讼参加理论为切入点,对与该诉相关的诉讼告知制度、法院职权通知制度加以完善亦颇为必要。此外,将第三人撤销之诉与其他第三人制度加以辨析与协调亦不可或缺。

In 2012, the outside third person cancellation of the lawsuit was added into the civil prsystem didn’t complete the important mission given by the legislation. Judging from the current situation of judicial practice, the dilem-ma of the system mainly lies in the courts rejection of the system, the confusion of the definition of third pthe application of the other third party system. To get rid of the dilemma, in addition to the practical importance of this kind of lawsuitform in suppressing false litigation and malicious litigation, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of a third person, accuratelydefine the eligible subjects that can file the appeal,to litigation in theory as the starting point,to the litigation of litigation and informsystem, it is also quite necessary to improve the system of litigation inform, the courts authority nalso necessary to differentiate and coordinate the third party’s lawsuit against the other third party system.