航天工作者紧张型头痛患病情况及其影响因素调查研究

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Tension-type Headache in Aerospace Workers

目的调查航天工作者紧张型头痛患病情况,并分析其影响因素,为制定紧张型头痛预防策略提供参考。方法 2016年3—12月,采用分层随机整群抽样法抽取中国航天科工集团6个部门,每个部门随机抽取3个分部门,共调查1 200例航天工作者。采用自制调查问卷调查航天工作者一般资料和主要临床特征,航天工作者紧张型头痛影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果问卷回收有效率为92%(1 104/1 200);1 104例航天工作者中罹患紧张型头痛238例,紧张型头痛患病率为21.6%。238例紧张型头痛患者中双侧头痛者154例(占64.7%),非搏动性头痛者140例(占58.8%),轻中度头痛者215例(占90.3%),主要伴随症状为畏声者121例(占50.8%),活动不会加重头痛者190例(79.8%);主要诱因是睡眠缺乏166例(占69.7%),疲劳163例(占68.5%),压力123例(占51.7%)及女性生理周期[占29.5%(33/112)]。不同年龄、职业类型、受教育程度及睡眠质量航天工作者紧张型头痛患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、不同婚姻状况、是否吸烟、是否饮酒及不同体质指数的航天工作者紧张型头痛患病率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠质量差是航天工作者紧张型头痛的危险因素[OR=1.899,95%CI(1.291,2.792),P<0.05]。结论航天工作者紧张型头痛患病率较高,多表现为轻中度双侧非搏动性头痛,主要伴随症状为畏声,主要诱因为睡眠缺乏、疲劳及压力,而睡眠质量差是航天工作者紧张型头痛的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of tension-type headache in aerospace workers,to provide references for preventing tension-type headache in aerospace workers. Methods From March to December in 2016,stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 6 departments of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation,then 3 sub-departments were selected from each department,and a total of 1 200 aerospace workers were enrolled in this survey. General information and main clinical manifestations were collected by self-made questionnaire, and the influencing factors of tension-type headache in aerospace workers were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The effective rate of questionnaire feedback was 92%（ 1 104/1 200）; the prevalence rate of tension-type headache was 21. 6%（ 238/1 104）. Of the 238 patients with tension-type headache,154 patients performed as bilateral headache（ accounting for 64. 7%）,140 patients performed as non-pulsatile headache（ accounting for 58. 8%）,215 patients were mild to moderate headache（ accounting for 90. 3%）,121 patients accompanied with fear of sound（ accounting for 50. 8%）,190 patients without exacerbation of headache after activity（ 79. 8%）; major precipitating factors： 166 cases due to lack of sleeping（ accounting for 69. 7%）,163 cases due to overwork（ accounting for 68. 5%）,123 cases due to pressure（ accounting for51. 7%）,33 cases due to menstrual cycle in the 112 female workers（ accounting for 29. 5%）. There were statistically significant differences of prevalence rate of tension-type headache in aerospace workers with different age, with different vocational types,with different levels of education,with different sleeping quality（ P〈0. 05）,while no statistically significant differences of prevalence rate of tension-type headache was found in aerospace workers with different gender,with different marital status,with smoking or not,with drinking or not,with different BMI（ P〉0. 05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that,sleeping quality was the risk factor of tension-type headache in aerospace workers [OR = 1. 899,95% CI（ 1. 291,2. 792）,P〈0. 05 ]. Conclusion The prevalence rate of tension-type headache is relatively higher in aerospace workers,mainly performed as mild to moderate bilateral non-pulsatile headache,accompanied with fear of sound,lack of sleeping,overwork and pressure are the major precipitating factors,while sleeping quality is the risk factor.