技术增强版形成性评价的核心原则和应用趋势

Core Principles and Application Trends of Technology-Enhanced Formative Assessment

当前,在技术变革教育的浪潮中,传统的形成性评价面临诸多挑战。由于技术发展带来的新的教育模式和教育方法,已经开始改变传统的教学过程和教学结构,这就使得传统的形成性评价必须借由技术的优势来实现升级和进化,技术增强版形成性评价应运而生。技术增强版形成性评价旨在帮助学生发展深度概念理解能力、推理能力和问题解决技能,以及为学生的未来学习做好准备。这种评价方法是建立在问题驱动教学、对话式教学、形成性评价和元认知层次的交流四大核心原则基础之上的。这四大核心原则并不是各自孤立的,而是以一种高度协同的方式紧密连接,从而构成技术增强版形成性评价过程的问题环,指导评价教学的深入开展。作为一种改进的、有潜力的形成性评价方法,技术增强版形成性评价不仅能更有效地改善教与学的效果,而且在未来展现出广阔的应用前景,主要体现在形成性反馈机制、基于问题学习和探究学习的形成性反馈、基于电子档案袋评价的形成性反馈、基于MOOC的形成性评价和自适应形成性反馈等方面。

It is widely acknowledged that the traditional formative assessment faces challenges in the wave of the fast-changing technology in education. The new educational models and educational methods due to the technology development have begun to change the traditional teaching process and teaching structure. As a result,the traditional formative assessment needs to be updated with the aid of the new technology, which gives rises to the Technology-Enhanced Formative Assessment. The new form of assessment aims to cultivate the students' in-depth understanding of concepts and reasoning and foster their problem solving skills, as well as to prepare them for future learning. It is based on the four core principles, which include question-driven instruction, dialogical discourse,formative assessment and meta-cognitive communication. These four closely related principles lay a sound foundation for a cycle of problems in the Technology-Enhanced Formative Assessment and guide the assessment of teaching. As an improved and promising method of formative assessment, Technology-Enhanced Formative Assessment can not only improve the teaching and learning more effectively, but also tends to be widely applied in the formative feedback mechanisms, formative feedback for problem-based and inquiry learning, formative feedback for e Portfolios, formative assessment based on MOOC, adaptive formative assessment and so on.