基因型、环境及其交互效应对长胚芽鞘小麦产量稳定性的影响

Effect of Genotype,Environment and Their Interaction Effects on Yield Stability of Long Coleoptile Wheat

为了探究旱地长胚芽鞘小麦品种在多变环境条件下产量性状的品种×试点交互效应及加性主效应遗传规律,以山西省南部小麦主产区5个试点的6个小麦品种(系)为研究对象,通过AMMI模型分析方法,比较、评价不同小麦品种(系)基因型的稳定性及试点对品种的辨别能力。结果表明,试点韩村、永固乡具有更好的品种分辨力,品种临科6607、洛旱23表现出更好的稳定性和适应性,而品种晋麦47、西农928的稳定性较差,但田间产量高,且在试点大阳镇、永固乡有较好的特殊适应性。胚芽鞘长度与小麦产量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且有较大的直接和间接通径作用,可作为旱地小麦高产的有效鉴选指标之一,为旱作麦区新品种选育及引种工作提供借鉴。

To explore the long coleoptile dryland wheat cultivars yield characters G×E interaction effects and additive main effects＇ genetic regularity under different environment conditions, five sites, six breeds were surveyed in southern Shanxi wheat belt, which was for comparatively evaluating different wheat cultivars＇ genotype stability and environment discrimination ability with AMMI model analysis. The results showed that Hancun village and Yonggu township had better cultivars discrimination, Linke 6607 and Luohan 23 cultivars showed better genetic stability and adaptability. Jinmai 47 and Xinong 928 had worse genetic stability, but were high yield,which showed better special adaptation in Dayang town and Yonggu township. Coleoptile length was significantly positive correlated with wheat yield（P〈0.05）, also had more directly and indirectly path impact. It could be as an effective selected index for high yield in dryland wheat, which provided guidance for crops breeding and introduction experiments in dryland wheat belt.