资源禀赋、收入分配与农村金融发展的关联度

The Correlation among Resource Endowment, Income Distribution and Rural Financial Development

我国农村金融发展呈现倒U型的Kuznets效应。在短期,金融发展由于在金融服务可得性方面明显地有利于高收入组家庭,而不利于低收入组家庭,因此有可能扩大农村内部的收入不平等程度;但在长期,以"金融深化"指标为代表的"涓滴效应"会显著地使低收入组家庭的收入增速快于高收入和中等收入家庭,因此会显著地降低农村收入不平等程度。为此,要着力提升金融服务的覆盖率、可得性和满意度,大力提高农村的金融深化水平,加大对农村的义务教育投入。

Our empirical research also supports the Kuznets＇ inverted U-shaped relation between China＇s rural financial development and rural income inequality. In the short run, the access to financial services disproportionately increases the income growth of the rich group, implying the income gap would be widened by financial development. While in the long run, the trickle-down effect of financial deepening would significantly boost incomes of the low income group larger than that of the middle and the high income group, thus significantly reducing income inequality in rural China. Therefore, much effort could be made to improve the coverage, availability and satisfaction of financial services, vigorously improve the level of finance-deepening in rural areas, and increase investment in compulsory education in rural areas.