儿童及青少年甲状腺癌淋巴结转移特点及治疗策略

Characteristics of lymph node metastasis and treatment strategy of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents

儿童及青少年甲状腺癌具有淋巴结及肺部转移发生率高、复发率高、病死率低的特点。儿童及青少年甲状腺癌在发病因素、中央区及侧颈区淋巴结转移、远处转移的特点方面与成年甲状腺癌存在一定差异,临床应结合相关指南,分别从腺叶切除范围、中央区清扫范围、颈侧区淋巴结清扫范围、^(131)I治疗及促甲状腺激素(TSH)抑制治疗5个方面制定其治疗策略。

Thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents is characterized by higher rates of lymph node metastasis, pulmonary metastasis and recurrence, but lower mortality. Thyroid cancer in children and adolescents in the pathogenesis and the characteristics of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in central and lateral cervical region are different from those of adult thyroid carcinoma. The treatment strategy should based on the clinical guidelines and the following 5 aspects, such as resection range of gland lobe, sweeping area of central area, area of lateral neck, 131I treatment and TSH inhibition therapy.