环洞庭湖区稻田土壤中硅分布特征及其影响因素

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Silicon in Paddy Soil Around Dongting Lake Region

[目的]研究环洞庭湖区稻田土壤中有效硅的空间分布特征及其变化规律,以期为环洞庭湖区精准农业的发展、农田的保养提供科学依据和实践指导。[方法]运用地统计学与GIS技术相结合的方法开展研究。[结果]环洞庭湖区土壤中有效硅的含量与水稻产量呈显著的正相关,硅是水稻生长所需的重要营养元素。环洞庭稻田土壤有效硅平均含量为155.1mg/kg,多集中于100~200mg/kg。有效硅含量变幅大,最低与最高含量相差27倍,在研究区域空间上呈中间高四周低,西北最低的分布格局。土壤有效硅具有较强的空间相关性,其空间变异主要受土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、成土母质等因素影响。[结论]硅在水稻生长发育中起着重要的作用。不同的土壤类型所处的自然地理环境不一样,土壤有效硅含量各异,土壤有效硅的丰缺程度受土壤成土母质的影响并与土壤pH值成显著的正相关。

[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and the reg- ularity of available silicon in the soil of Dongting Lake, and to provide scientific basis and practical guidance for the development of precision agriculture in the Dongting Lake area and the maintenance of farmland. [Methods] The geo-statistics and GIS technology were both used. [Results] There was a significantly positive correlation between the content of available silicon in the Dongting Lake area and the yield of rice. Silicon is an important nutrient element for rice growth. The average available silicon content in the paddy field around Dongting Lake was 155. 1 mg/kg. Though in most cases, it varied from 100 to 200 mg/kg, the margin difference was so great as to the highest content was 27 times of the lowest. Spatially, the content of the part was found higher than the values of periphery, and in the northwest part it had the lowest silicon. Soil available silicon has a strong spatial correlation, and its spatial variation is mainly affected by soil type, soil pH value, soil parent material and other factors. [Conclusion] Silicon plays an important role in rice growth and development. Because soil types in natural geographical environment is not the same, so soil available silicon content normally varies. The abundance of soil available silicon is affected mainly by soil parent material and has significant positive correlation with soil pH value.