除草剂土壤残留致烟草药害及其修复技术

Tobacco Phytotoxicity Caused by Soil Herbicide Residues and the Remediation Techniques

除草剂会严重影响烟草产量和质量,导致烟草植株矮小、老叶黄化、生长畸形和迟缓等不良后果,本文综述了除草剂残留致烟草药害的原因、各类除草剂典型的药害症状和除草剂土壤残留致烟草药害的修复技术。可通过物理技术(土壤翻耕)、生物技术(生物炭、有机肥、生物菌剂、植物、动物、基因修复)、化学技术(土壤改良剂、植物生长调节剂组合)等修复方法来削减除草剂土壤残留及修复烟株畸形生长。

Herbicide can seriously affect yield and quality of tobacco and causes some adverse consequences in tobacco, including short tobacco plants, yellowing of old leaves, growth malformations and retardation.This paper reviews the causes of phytotoxicity in tobacco and typical phytotoxic symptoms by different herbicides and the phytotoxic remediation techniques for tobacco.In order to reduce herbicide residues in soil and restore tobacco growth, the remediation methods adopted mainly include physical techniques （soil plowing）, biotechnology （biochar, organic manure, microbial inoculant, plant, animal and gene repair） and chemical technology （soil conditioner and its combination with plant growth regulator）.