马克思需要理论研究述评

Study on Marx's Need Theory

只有从社会自由现实化这一维度,才能理解马克思以人的需要确立的新唯物主义逻辑。以需要确立人的本质是一种辩证思维,并真正把握住了人的本质性存在。在自由劳动的基础上,个体需要的特殊性与社会需要的普遍性之间的张力得到融合。马克思以自由劳动与社会需要为根基完成了对价值客观性的重构。人的需要首先要超脱于自然必然性与社会必然性,回到自由自觉的劳动这一人的根本性需要。

Only from the view of social freedom can we understand the new materialistic logic that Marx has established with human needs. It is a dialectical thinking to establish the essence of human being, and it really grasps the existence of human nature. On the basis of free labor, the tension between the particularity of individual needs and the universality of social needs is fused. Marx completed the reconstruction of value objectivity based on free labor and socail needs. Man＇s needs must be detached from natural necessity and the inevitability of certain social development, thus returning to the fundamental need of a free and conscious labor.