散养鸡新孢子虫、弓形虫血清与分子流行病学调查及风险因素分析

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization and risk factors of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranged chickens

通过调查河南省散养鸡新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的血清与分子流行病学情况,评估该地区土壤受新孢子虫和弓形虫污染的程度。分别采用IFAT和MAT方法检测散养鸡血清中的新孢子虫和弓形虫的抗体,PCR方法检测部分血清阳性样品消化液的弓形虫抗原。结果发现,新孢子虫病的阳性率为23.26%(150/642;滴度1∶25;CI 95%=20.25~26.79),弓形虫的感染率为18.86%(132/700;滴度1∶25;CI 95%=16.13~21.93)。PCR检测弓形虫的结果为16%(4/25)。弓形虫感染与散养鸡的性别有关,公鸡感染率显著高于母鸡感染率(P<0.05)。结果表明,散养鸡的新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的感染率均较高,该地区人畜面临着较高的新孢子虫和弓形虫卵囊污染的风险,公共卫生安全形势严峻。散养鸡的新孢子虫病流行情况在国内首次报道。

The experiment was conducted to survey the seroprevalence and molecular characteriza- tion in Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii of free-ranged （FR） chickens in Henan prov- ince,and to evaluate the pollution level of oocysts of N. caninum and T. gondii in soil of this re- gion. Antibodies of N. caninum and T. gondii were detected by indirect fluorescent antibody test （IFAT） and modified agglutination test （MAT）. PCR was used to test the T. gondii in 25 myo- cardium digestion juices. The seropositive of N. caninum was 23.26% （150/642;cut-off 1 ：25;CI 95% = 20.25-26.79）,the infection rate of T. gondii was 18.86% （132/700;cut-off 1 ： 25;CI 95% = 16.13-21.93）,the positive of T. gondii DNA was 16% （4/25）. Gender was a risk factor for toxoplasmosis in free-ranged chickens,the infection percentage of cock was higher than that of hen （P〈0.05）. There was a high percent of infection between N. caninum and T. gondii of free- ranged chickens in Henan,and a relatively serious risk in oocyst pollution of N. caninum and T. gondii for public health security. This is the first report of the presence of N. caninum antibody in chickens from China.