微细材料细晶处理方法及其研究发展

Grain Refining Methods and Its Research Development of Micro-size Materials

近些年微成形技术的研究热度不断增高,金属薄板、箔材及丝材等可直接用于微型件制造的微细材料缺少专门性研究,微细材料的微观结构与性能直接影响微型件的成形质量。综合评述了大塑性变形细晶方法、电流辅助工艺和微观结构调控等方面的相关研究,着重介绍了适合于微细材料的反复折弯压直和限制模压变形2种反复折弯形变细晶的方法。分析了微细材料细晶处理存在的问题,提出了适合用于微细材料的细晶及增塑处理的研究方法,展望了微细材料电流辅助形变工艺和微观结构调控的研究方向。开展了微成形用微细材料预处理方法与相关技术研究,对促进微成形技术的发展具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

In recent years, the research interest of micro forming technology is increasing, but there is a lack of special research on the micro-size materials directly used for micro-forming, such as thin metal sheets, metal foils and metal wires. Deformation qualities of micro-parts are heavily relying on microstructures and properties of the micro-size materials. This article briefly summarized the methods of grain refinement by severe plastic deformation, electrically-assisted deformation and microstructure controlling, emphatically introduced the repetitive corrugation and straightening（RCS） and constrained groove pressing（CGP）, which were suitable for the repetitive roll bending and straightening of the micro-size materials. The problem of grain refinement of micro-size materials was analyzed. Research methods for grain refinement and enhanced ductility of micro-size materials were presented. The research direction of electrically-assisted deformation and microstructure controlling was prospected. The research on the pre-treatment methods and related technologies of micro-size materials is of great important theoretical significance and application value to promote the development of micro forming technologies.