开封市无偿献血者HIV抗体筛查不合格原因的调查分析

Analysis of unqualified HIV anitibody of unpaid blood donors in Kaifeng City

目的分析2011—2015年开封市无偿献血人群抗体筛查不合格情况,了解HIV抗体筛查不合格者在无偿献血者中分布特征,为本地区无偿献血招募工作及血液采集提供参考。方法无偿献血者血液标本HIV抗体筛查采用ELISA试验,HIV抗体筛查可疑标本送开封市疾病控制中心使用免疫印迹法确认,并对不同年份、不同性别、不同年龄段进行统计学分析。结果 2011—2015年264 952例无偿献血者中检出35例HIV抗体筛查不合格,总不合格率13.2/10万,其中男性不合格率(18.2/10万)高于女性不合格率(4.2/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以36~45岁不合格率(23.4/10万)为最高,不同年龄段差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2011年起HIV不合格率略呈上升趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);首次献血者HIV抗体不合格率为26.1/10万,再次献血者HIV抗体不合格率为5.9/10万,不同献血次数献血人群抗体不合格率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论结合开封市无偿献血人群HIV抗体不合格现状,血站要继续加强HIV筛查同时,还要从无偿献血招募工作开始把好关,根据本地区HIV抗体不合格特点,确定本地区低危人群范围,加强献血前健康征询,对于多次献血合格的再次献血者,也不能放松征询要求,改进血液安全检测策略,以确保输血安全。

Objective To analyze 2011 - 2015 Kaifeng blood donors screening unqualified, to understand the distribution feature of HIV antibody screening unqualified in healthy donors, provide reference for recruitment and blood collection for local blood donation. Methods blood donors blood samples of HIV antibody screening by ELISA test, HIV antibody screening of suspicious samples sent to Kaifengs disease using Western blotting to confirm the control center, and in different years, different gender and age were statistically analyzed.Results 35 cases were detected HIV antibody screening unqualified results from 2011 to 2015, 264952 cases of unpaid blood donors, the total failure rate of 13.2/10 million, the failure rate of male is higher than female （18.2/10 million） failure rate （4.2/10 million）, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）; in 36 ~ 45 years old （unqualified rate 23.4/10 million） is the highest, statistically significant differences in different age groups （P 〈 0.05）; 2011 HIV failure rate slightly increased, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）; for the first time donors HIV antibody unqualified rate was 26.1/10 million, again blood donors HIV antibody unqualified rate was 5.9/10 million. The number of different blood donors difference antibody unqualified rate was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion combination of Kaifeng blood donors HIV antibody unqualified blood status, to continue to strengthen the HIV screening at the same time, but also from the blood donation recruitment started good, according to the local HIV antibody unqualified characteristics, determine the scope of low risk population in this region, strengthen the blood donation health consultation before, for many qualified blood donors also again, can not relax for requirements, improve the safety of blood detection strategy, to ensure the safety of blood transfusion.