徐州市蝴蝶资源调查与分析

Investigation on butterfly resource in Xuzhou Prefecture

采用踏查方法调查了徐州市蝴蝶的种类、分布和发生情况。结果表明,徐州市蝴蝶资源较为丰富,共有5科46种,其中,凤蝶科9种,粉蝶科10种,灰蝶科9种,蛱蝶科13种,弄蝶科5种。根据成虫标本采集总数、分布范围和是否采到幼虫等因子将5科蝴蝶种类划分为优势种类、常见种类和稀有种类,优势种类共6种,分别为长尾麝凤蝶、柑橘凤蝶、青凤蝶、丝带凤蝶、菜粉蝶和黄钩蛱蝶,对人类栽培植物有一定危害;常见种类16种,以凤蝶科最多(达6种),16种常见蝴蝶种类在丘陵山区的平均标本数量占比为61.6%,极显著高于平原农区和城市园林(分别为22.6%,15.5%),表明丘陵山区森林植被为蝴蝶生长发育的理想生境;稀有种类30种,对栽培植物不造成危害,应加以保护与利用。该调查首次系统地查明了徐州市蝴蝶的种类,初步掌握了它们的寄主、分布、发生和危害等情况,为开展生物多样性观测及环境评价等提供了科学依据,并提出了保护和利用蝴蝶资源的建议。

Based on the investigation of the species,distribution and occurrence of butterfly,it was found that the butterfly resources were abundant in Xuzhou City,there were 46 species of 5 families,that was,9 species to Family Papilionidae,10 to Pieridae,9 to Lycaenidae,13 to Nymphalidae,and 5 to Hesperiidae. These butterflies could be categarized into dominant species,common species and rare species according to the total number of adult specimens,the distribution range and whether the larvae were collected,etc. There were six dominant species as Byasa impediens,Papilio xuthus,Graphium sarpedon,Sericinus montelus,Pieris rapae and Polygonia c-aureum,harmful to the human cultivation. There were 16 common species,among which,6 belonged to Family Papilionidae. The average specimens size of 16 common species in hilly mountainous areas was 61. 6%,significantly higher than that in plain agriculture areas（ 22. 6%） and city landscape（ 15. 5%）. This indicates that the hilly mountains areas with forest vegetation are ideal habitats for the growth and development of butterflies. There were 30 rare species not harmful to the cultivated plants,and should be protected and utilized.This survey systematically identified the species of butterflies in Xuzhou Prefecture,preliminarily mastered their host,distribution,occurrence and hazard,etc. which will provide scientific foundation for observation of biodiversity and environ-mental assessment,and give suggestions for protection and utilization of butterfly resources.