梧桐山风景区杜鹃花引种栽培初报

A primary study on the introduction and cultivation of Rhododendron sp. around Wutongshan Scenic Spot

杜鹃花喜欢凉爽、湿润的气候,深圳湿热的天气难以为大多数杜鹃花提供优越的生长环境,目前深圳市杜鹃花应用局限于专类园、园艺盆景应用,为了更好地利用杜鹃花资源,选育出适应深圳气候的耐热性杜鹃品种势在必行。梧桐山风景区于2016年开始从全国各地引种杜鹃栽培品种330余种进行栽培适应性研究,引种后所有品种正常开花,其中毛鹃类品种适应性最强,尤其是红苹果、云锦、霞红等生长最为健壮,这类杜鹃耐热性、抗旱性强,是极有可能引种成功的杜鹃品种。另外以此类杜鹃为亲本杂交选育出适应深圳气候的耐热性杜鹃品种,有利于深圳市杜鹃品种推广应用和科学研究,对深圳园林绿化有重要意义。

Rhododendron sp. was used to cool and humid climate. Hot and humid weather in Shenzhen was difficult for most of Rhododendron sp. for growth. The current application of Rhododendron sp. in Shenzhen was limited in special garden for horticultural bonsai. In order to make better use of Rhododendron resources,it is imperative to breed heat-tolerant varieties suitable for Shenzhen climate. Wutongshan National Park began to cultivate more than 330 Rhododendron cultivars from all over the country in 2016. After the introduction,all cultivars bloomed normally,among which,the cultivars of R. pulchrum were acclimatized strongest,especially R. ‘Hongpingguo＇,R. ‘Yunjin＇and R. ‘Xiahong＇. These Rhododendron cultivars could tolerate heat and drought,which were very likely to be introduced in Shenzhen successfully. In addition,such Rhododendron cultivars could be used to breed the heat-resistant Rhododendron varieties adapting to the climate in Shenzhen,beneficial to the popularization and application of the varieties of Rhododendron.