谢林美学在其哲学中的位置

The Status of Schelling's Aesthetics in His Philosophy

谢林为先验哲学所设定的任务是解释知识当中所存在的有意识的东西与无意识的东西之间的会合的活动,而能够认识这种活动的工具就是理智直观。由于理智直观是一种内在直观,是向内回归的,所以它还必须通过一种创造才能达到对自己的认识,这样就需要另一种向外延展的直观,即美感直观。也正是在这种意义上,谢林认为哲学的工具总论就是艺术哲学。同时,先验哲学所追求的主观与客观的统一、自由与必然的统一、在艺术作品中完全得到完成。这样的同一体便是绝对。

The task of Schelling＇s transcendental philosophy is to explain the concurrence of the conscious and the unconscious in knowledge. The tool to recognize this concurrence is intellectual intuition which is inward and needs an outward one,that is,aesthetic intuition,to recognize itself. In this sense,Schelling insisted that the organon of philosophy is philosophy of art. The unity of the subjective and the objective,of the freedom and the necessity,which the transcendental philosophy pursues,will be a reality in the works of art. This unity is the absolute.