转型期园林绿化的城市困难立地类型划分研究

Classification Study of Challenging Urban Sites in Landscape Gardening during Urban Transition Period

生态修复在城市内涵式提升阶段,具有改善"城市病"和促进城市转型发展的重要意义,园林绿化在改善人居环境中的作用越来越重要。立地条件与植物关系,这个古老而永恒的科学问题面临新的发展机遇与挑战。在参考森林立地类型划分的基础上,系统回顾了林业科学研究中森林立地和困难立地的相关概念和内涵,重点阐述了转型期园林绿化的城市困难立地概念及其范畴;提出了城市困难立地立地类型划分的3个主要依据:(1)大尺度与中尺度格局以森林立地分类基本原则为基础,(2)直接人为干扰影响应该特别强调,(3)必须特别关注土壤、水对植被的刚性约束;建立了基于园林绿化的城市困难立地类型划分体系,共计3个一级类别、12个二级类型。

Ecological restoration has important significance in improving ＂urban disease＂ and promoting urban transformation and development in the stage of city intensive development. The role of landscaping in the improvement of human settlements environment is becoming more and more important. The relationship between site conditions and plants, an ancient and perpetual scientific issue, is facing new development opportunities and challenges. This paper systematically reviews the related concepts and connotation of site and difficult site in forestry science on the basis of reference to the classification of forest site types, and especially introduced conception and its category of challenging urban sites in landscape gardening during urban transition period. This paper puts forward three basic principles for the classification of challenging urban site types： （1） The large-scale and middle-scale patterns are based on the basic principles of forest site classification; （2） Effects of direct human interference should be emphasized; （3） It must put particular attention on the rigid constraints of soil and water on vegetation. A classification system of challenging urban site types based on landscape gardening was established, which included 3 first class and 12 two-level types.