解域、逃逸与创造:印度当代英语小说的小民族文学性

Deterritorialization,Flight and Creation–Contemporary Indian Novels in English as Minor Literature

印度当代英语文学诞生于后殖民和全球化这一大背景之中,展现出了独特的小民族文学姿态。本文通过具体解读几部印度当代英语小说,详细阐明了它们展现出的小民族文学的三个重要特征,表明了小民族文学如何进行小民族政治实践:通过对语言进行小民族使用,解构作为语言常量的权力关系,促进生成新的身份;通过不断地解域社会中的克分子组装,释放出欲望之流,进行各种生成,不断地创造出新的生命体验、生命形式和生命的可能性;通过参与表述的集体组装创造出新的身份和民族。小民族文学提供了一种不同于经典后殖民研究的视角,或可以用以指前殖民地作家创作出的英语文学作品,因此为阅读后殖民英语文学作品提供了新的理论工具,为建构以后殖民文学为本体的理论话语提供了资源,并有助于革新后殖民英语文学的创作和批评话语。

Contemporary Indian novels in English came into being in the context of postcoloniality and globalization,thus displaying unique characteristics of minor literature.Through a detailed reading of several contemporary Indian novels in English,this paper elaborates on the three important characteristics of minor literature and shows the ways it conducts minor political practices：through the minor use of language,it deconstructs the power relations constant in language;through continuously deterritorializing the molar assemblages in a society,releasing the inorganic,impersonal desire flow of life,and conducting different kinds of becomings,it continuously creates new life experiences,new forms and possibilities of life;through the engagement in the collective assemblage of enunciation,it creates new identities and peoples.The concept of ＂minor literature＂ provides a different perspective from classical post-colonial studies,and can be used to refer to those English literary texts created by writers in ex-colonial countries or plaes.Therefore,it provides a new critical tool for the reading of post-colonial literary texts,as well as resources for the construction of critical discourse which targets exclusively at those literary texts,and contributes to the innovation of the literary creation and critical discourse of the post-colonial English literature.