《恰似水之于巧克力》中属下女性主体意识的构建

The Construction of Subjectivity in Subaltern Female in Like Water for Chocolate

墨西哥女作家劳拉·埃斯基韦尔的代表作《恰似水之于巧克力》再现了大革命时代下墨西哥女性的生活图景,聚焦种族、阶级、性别差异下的属下女性,在反思父权文化和种族文化对女性的利用与压迫中表现出作者对弱势女性主体意识构建的思考。小说将厨房设置为小说的中心场景,颠覆了菲勒斯中心主义对"厨房"空间秩序的定义,凸显女性对家庭空间的全新认知。作家在巧妙运用具有地域色彩的美食来隐喻女主人公百味人生的同时,采用魔幻手法赋予食物消解父权文化的本源动力,使之成为女性表达情感和阐发心声的独特符号,并借印第安食谱来记录女性情感经历,构建超越种族阶级的女性历史系谱。

Like Water for Chocolate,the representative work of the Mexican woman writer Laura Esquivel,represented the Mexican women＇s diverse life experiences during the Mexican Revolution by taking into consideration the diversity of the subaltern women in terms of race,class and gender,etc.Through reflecting in the novel how the patriarchal culture as well as the ethnic culture simultaneously depressed and manipulated women＇s life,Laura Esquivel manifested her concern for the construction of the underprivileged women＇s subjectivity.And by centering the novel in the women protagonists＇ sensibilities and setting the kitchen as the main spatial scene of the novel,the author also managed to subvert the logocentric spatial order while revealing women＇s perception of house space.Other features of the novel include the usage of local foods as metaphors for the women protagonists＇ various life circumstances,the application of the magical realism in using foods as symbols to express women＇s sensibilities and inner voices,which eventually deconstructed the patriarchal culture,and the usage of the Indian recipe,as an aid to record female experiences and to construct the female historical genealogy beyond the gaps between different races and classes.